How do paleontologists us understand the past

i believe it is the first choice (1.)

because the major theme is(“both the wild and civilization have rules.”)

and also as u said,( based on what buck learns within the call of the wild, "both the wild and civilization have rules".this is true of humans within society as well.

the story is told by a young girl who loves reading journals and listening to radio. she seems as an attentive and joyful girl. however, when the story unravels later this turns out to be upside down. she is actually a naive girl.  

she meets with a boy while skating and he tells her that will call her. the problem of the story epitomizes here because he never calls and she acknowledges the fact that she is not a foolish. indeed, her communication with the boy identifies their relationship after all. it is somehow the struggle between emotional and physical engagement which we can only observe the latter one from the boy’s side. so that, the conflict is disclosed how it has been presented in the beginning where the girl believes that she is not a fool. the reader questions her self-confidence and understanding, as well as her sincerity.