Since the founding of the united states, sentences used in presidential speeches have gradually

become much shorter
grown increasingly complex
started to include more old words
incorporated more latin words

The correct answer is A. Become much shorter

Explanation:

Presidential speeches are official speeches or presentations delivered by the elected President of a country to the citizens that serve for multiple purposes inaugural speeches, important messages during crisis or speeches addressing a specific issue. In the case of the Presidential speeches in the U.S., the number of words and complexity of sentences has evolved through the history and in the last centuries presidents mainly use shorter speeches of less than ten minutes in which they communicate the main message to the audience by choosing carefully the words to be including. This means the sentences in Presidential speeches are now shorter as they aim at communicating the main message in a simple, concise but convincing way that can be understood by all the audience. Thus, it can be concluded since the founding of the United States, sentences in presidential speeches have gradually become much shorter.

- "the answers are a and b.  

when cullen speaks of planting while others reap, and standing "abject and mute," he is speaking about the racial injustices present in american society. as these injustices have changed over time, the american identity  has also shifted. those changes are, in turn, reflected in american literature."