Difference between protagonist and antagonist?

One way that the novel differs from earlier literary works is that novelists often leave out many details associated with the setting novels only portray positive aspects of heroes and other important figures characters' personalities in novels are only revealed through dialogue readers are often able to relate better to the characters in novels

How do to my dear loving husband and to the kings most excellent majesty's reflect cultural values of their time

This excerpt is repeated several times. what effect does this repetition have on the epic