In the following passage from great astronomers by robert stewall ball, the author states that he will trace the developments in astronomy from the time of ptolemy to the nineteenth century. based on the content and style of the excerpt, what kind of audience did ball primarily have in mind when he was writing this book?

the history of astronomy thus becomes inseparable from the history of the great men to whose labours its development is due. in the ensuing chapters we have endeavoured to sketch the lives and the work of the great philosophers, by whose labours the science of astronomy has been created. we shall commence with ptolemy, who, after the foundations of the science had been laid by hipparchus, gave to astronomy the form in which it was taught throughout the middle ages. we shall next see the mighty revolution in our conceptions of the universe which are associated with the name of copernicus. we then pass to those periods illumined by the genius of galileo and newton, and afterwards we shall trace the careers of other more recent discoverers, by whose industry and genius the boundaries of human knowledge have been so greatly extended. our history will be brought down late enough to include some of the illustrious astronomers who laboured in the generation which has just passed away.

students specializing in the study of astronomy
people with a casual interest in astronomy
scientists and mathematicians working with astronomers
geologists and cartographers

Wha is the topic discussed in “lifeboat ethics” ?

Which one of these lines use him to permitte which one of these lines uses iambic pentameter?

Asap plz which sentence from this excerpt of jefferson davis’s inaugural address indicates that secession was the confederacy’s way of reclaiming its legal powers? an agricultural people, whose chief interest is the export of a commodity required in every manufacturing country, our true policy is peace, and the freest trade which our necessities will permit . . there can be but little rivalry between ours and any manufacturing or navigating community, such as the northeastern states of the american union. it must follow, therefore, that a mutual interest would invite good will and kind offices. if, however, passion or the lust of dominion should cloud the judgment or inflame the ambition of those states, we must prepare to meet the emergency and to maintain, by the final arbitrament of the sword, the position which we have assumed among the nations of the earth. we have entered upon the career of independence, and it must be inflexibly pursued. through many years of controversy with our late associates, the northern states, we have vainly endeavored to secure tranquillity, and to obtain respect for the rights to which we were entitled. as a necessity, not a choice, we have resorted to the remedy of separation; and henceforth our energies must be directed to the conduct of our own affairs, and the perpetuity of the confederacy which we have formed. if a just perception of mutual interest shall permit us peaceably to pursue our separate political career, my most earnest desire will have been fulfilled. but, if this be denied to us, and the integrity of our territory and jurisdiction be assailed, it will but remain for us, with firm resolve, to appeal to arms and invoke the blessings of providence on a just cause . .