A.1. Answer the following questions very briefly. 1. What is pollution?

2. How does pollution affect the environment?

3. How does the reduction of the ozone layer affect us?.
4. Mention four different kinds of pollution.

5. What are the two chief causes of environmental pollution?

6. What is the main cause of water pollution?
7. Mention any two causes of noise pollution.
8. What is the most disturbing consequence of increasing pollution?

A.2. Which words in the passage mean the following?

1. dangerous.
2. disproportion
3. intrusion
4. permanent

Javier is writing a literary analysis of the secret garden. read this introduction to his essay. frances burnett’s “the secret garden” explores the challenges of a sickly, self-centered little girl named mary lennox. after mary’s parents die of cholera, she moves from india to england to live at her uncle’s estate in yorkshire. while living at the old estate, mary discovers an abandoned garden that belonged to her deceased aunt. tending to the neglected garden brings mary joy, and her health improves. through mary’s transformation, burnett presents nature as a symbol of rebirth and healing. which piece of textual evidence should javier use to support the claim made in the introduction? a. “‘it’s in the garden no one can go into,’ she said to herself. ‘it’s the garden without a door. he lives in there. how i wish i could see what it is like! ’” b. “in india she had always felt hot and too languid to care much about anything. the fact was that the fresh wind from the moor had begun to blow the cobwebs out of her young brain and to waken her up a little.” c. “mary felt lonelier than ever when she knew she was no longer in the house. she went out into the garden as quickly as possible, and the first thing she did was to run round and round the fountain flower garden ten times.” d. “‘it isn’t a quite dead garden,’ she cried out softly to herself. ‘even if the roses are dead, there are other things alive.’”

"we always see things from the same angle," the boy continued. "it's much less trouble that way. besides, it makes more sense to grow down and not up. when you're very young, you can never hurt yourself falling down if you're in mid-air, and you certainly can't get into trouble for scuffing up your shoes or marking the floor if there's nothing to scuff them on and the floor is three feet away." "that's very true," thought tock, who wondered how the dogs in the family liked the arrangement. tock views what alec says through his own experiences as a dog. with time. as milo's friend. as alec’s friend.

In the following statements, who is a free rider? a. andy is reading a book named "mission to mars." b. the u.s. government has announced a 21 percent defense spending increase. c. ted does not pay taxes but uses roads and highways. d. nick buys groceries from safeway because it's closer to his home.