How would you categorize the following claim from the article “The Controversy Surrounding School Gardens”? Opponents think that “foodies,” people who are strongly interested in food, are to blame for creating school gardens.

Claim of definition
Claim of fact
Claim of solution or policy
Claim of cause and effect

What is the best strategy for responding to counter-arguments in your persuasive research essay ?

Armed with invisible ink, a cipher system, and a passion to end the war and preserve the union, elizabeth van lew became butler's eyes and ears in the confederate capital city. truth be told, however, she became much more than that. she became a spymaster, the person responsible for running a network of agents, couriers, and safe houses that was very active during the war. in addition to the spying, elizabeth van lew continued to maintain her church hill home as a safe house and something of a local union spy headquarters. —the dark game, paul janeczko what is the central idea of this passage? van lew’s home was used as a safe house, which was critical to the confederacy. van lew had a passion to end the war and preserve the union. van lew was a spymaster, a leading force in the espionage activities for the union. van lew did not enjoy working for general butler.

The room was gaudy with its leather couch and purple walls