Which of the following processes is drive by the energy from Earth’s interior? a. Photosynthesis

b. Melting of rock

c. Beach erosion

d. Decomposition

2. Which of the following describes the most accurate way students can model how the earth’s

surface is changed by a natural process?

a. Heating water until it reaches the boiling pint while measuring the temperature

b. Pouring water over sand in a container on an incline so that it is carried and deposited

at the bottom

c. Placing rocks in a container of water to observe how the level of water in the container

rises

d. Freezing different volumes of water to determine the length of time needed for it to

become solid.

3. The cycling of carbon between the living and non-living parts of the earth system is an

important result of which of the following processes?

a. Plants and animals exchanging gases with the atmosphere

b. Condensation of water vapor leading to cloud formation

c. Herbivores digesting plant material to get nutrients

d. Methane entering the atmosphere from volcanic activity

4. To be complete and accurate, a model of how material is cycled on the earth would need to

include all of the following EXCEPT:

a. Radiation from the sun

b. Heat from the earth’s interior

c. Movement of air, water, and rock

d. Position and motion of the earth

5. Energy from the sun has an effect on the rocky surface of the earth in which of the following

processes?

a. Formation of crystals as molten rock cools

b. Erosion of rock surface

c. Faulting and folding or rock layers

d. Landforms created by tectonic plate movement

6. Groundwater is able to create caves in areas where, as the water flows underground, it

.

a. Deposits sediments.

b. is exposed to heat.

c. erodes rock material.

d. causes earthquakes.

7. Stalagmites are structures found on the floors of caves and are made of mineral deposits.

Stalagmites provide evidence for how moving water can change Earth materials because

stalagmites:

a. Grow upward, while stalactites grow downward from the ceiling.

b. Are sometimes found in or near pools of water underground.

c. May be small and delicate or very tall and massive.

d. Form where water containing dissolved minerals constantly drips.

8. Which observation about the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachian Mountains would support

the claim that exposure to weathering and erosion over time can change landforms?

a. The Appalachian Mountains are found in the eastern United States and the Rocky

Mountains are found near the West Coast.

b. The shorter and more rounded Appalachian Mountains are more than four times older

than the taller and more jagged Rocky Mountains.

c. The length of the Appalachian chain is approximately 2,400 kilometers, and the Rocky

Mountain chain is about twice as long.

d. The Appalachian Mountains are composed mostly of sedimentary rocks while the Rocky

Mountains also contain other rock types.

9. Students wish to conduct an investigation to find evidence to support the claim that caves are

formed when the flow of underground water acts to form empty spaces in limestone. Which of

the following observations would provide partial support for this claim?

a. Limestone samples soaked in water were heavier than dry samples.

b. Seashell fossils were found in many of the limestone samples.

c. Samples of limestone where easily dissolved by water in the lab.

d. The limestone samples were of varied white, tan, and grey colors.

10.The below map shows the rock types found underground in a certain area. The map also

shows where groundwater is flowing in and around these rocks.

If caves tend to form where moving water dissolves limestone then caves would be expected

to form in which region on the map?

a. Northeast

b. Southeast

c. Southwest

d. Northwest

Matching: Match the definition with one of the vocabulary terms below:

11. The outer area of the Earth that makes up the physical features.

12. The relocation of sediments by wind, water, or ice

13. The physical or chemical breakdown of rocks due to water, wind, or ice

14. Area of Earth that form caverns

15. Occurs when weathered rock is dropped off in a new location

A. Weathering

B. Surface features

C. Erosion

D. Deposition

E. Underground formations

Word Bank: erosion weathering groundwater glaciers caverns

depositing landforms sediments

16.When begin to melt, they erode land by picking up and carrying loose rocks

and them as they move.

17.The influence of water, wind, and ice varies the process.

18.The bigger these agents are, the bigger the pieces of they move.

19. are formed through long periods of chemical weathering and erosion by

water. Although it’s a very slow process, over time, large passageways are formed.