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he framework of laws and rules that govern the administration of justice in cases involving an individual who has been accused of a crime, beginning with the initial investigation of the crime and concluding either with the unconditional release of the accused by virtue of acquittal (a judgment of not guilty) or by the imposition of a term of punishment pursuant to a conviction for the crime.

introduction

criminal procedures are safeguards against the indiscriminate application of criminal laws and the wanton treatment of suspected criminals. specifically, they are designed to enforce the constitutional rights of criminal suspects and defendants, beginning with initial police contact and continuing through arrest, investigation, trial, sentencing, and appeals.

the main constitutional provisions regarding criminal procedure can be found in amendments iv, v, vi, and viii to the u.s. constitution. the fourth amendment covers the right to be free from unreasonable searches and arrests:

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