Read the excerpt from Roosevelt’s "Four Freedoms.” The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world.

That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.

Roosevelt includes the second paragraph to serve as a rebuttal for which counterclaim?

Fighting one war to escape a future war is not logical.
Joining the war will not keep America safe from attack.
Americans will be attacked if they do not join in the war.
A world free from fear is not possible in the near future

Roosevelt includes the second paragraph to serve as a rebuttal for the following counterclaim:

D. A world free from fear is not possible in the near future.

Explanation:

In the first paragraph of the excerpt, Roosevelt speaks of "freedom from fear" and explains that it refers to the safety one feels when one knows there aren't enough weapons in any country for an attack to happen. Simply put, it would be the reduction of the production and possession of weapons, which would ensure no more wars would happen.

The second paragraph of the excerpt serves to rebut a possible counterclaim. The very first sentence reveals what it is: "That is no vision of a distant millennium." Roosevelt is answering the possible counterclaim that such a freedom cannot be achieved in the near future. According to him, it is possible to be attained "in our own time and generation." Therefore, letter D is the best option:

"D. A world free from fear is not possible in the near future" is the counterclaim being rebutted.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)