1 Rewrite the sentences replacing the relative clauses with participle clauses.
1 A painting which belongs to the Queen has been stolen.
2 These beautiful costumes, which have been worn by
famous opera singers, are for sale.
3 The star of the show is an actor who is known by most
people as a TV presenter.
4 It was difficult for people who were sitting at the back
of the theatre to hear all the words.
5 I bought a copy of the novel that had been signed by
the author.
6 This piece, which was written by my piano teacher, is one
of my favourites.
7 The fast train, which leaves in five minutes, will get you to
London in less than an hour.

1). A painting belonging to the Queen has been stolen.

2). These beautiful costumes, worn by  famous opera singers are for sale.

3). The star of the show is an actor known by most  people as a TV presenter.

4). It was difficult for people sitting at the back  of the theatre to hear all the words.

5). I bought a copy of the novel signed by  the author.

6). This piece, written by my piano teacher, is one  of my favorites.

7). The fast train, leaving in five minutes, will get you to  London in less than an hour.

Explanation:

Participle clauses are defined as the clauses beginning with either present(walking, going, etc.), past(read, reached, etc.), or perfect participle(having gone, having done, etc.). It primarily functions to help convey the information in a more brief and precise manner. It functions to provide detail to the sentence either by modifying the verb or a noun/pronoun.

since it is asking for her reaction to elnora's trouble at school you can rule out any answers with a positive response (b). then you can rule out (d), this is because it does not show the mother's reaction but the daughter's response. that leaves you with two options (a) and (c), by looking at the options you can rule out (c) because it isn't referring back to elnora's issues at school.

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