Identify the elements that characterize the realism genre in literature.

Realism in literature is characterized by its use of the setting, characters and the themes of the real world.

Explanation:

Realism is a literary movement where the writers write about things that are of the real world, of real world issues and true characterization. It is the opposite of what is being represented by the Romantics and Fantasy writers. Instead of using fantasy settings and themes, with imagery and figurative language, realism focuses on the use of the real world settings and themes, depicting or writing about things as they are seen, with no 'decorative' language.

to eliminate ambiguous remote or broad reference it is necessary to focus on anaphoric reference. by definition "anaphoric reference means that a word in a text refers back to other ideas in the text for its meaning." the references should be clear and leave no room for ambiguity.

in the first case the pronoun it probably refers to the car but it has not been mentioned before so we should replace it for the car. in doing so the statement becomes clear.

in sentence number   two   the pronoun he refers to charles dickens the author. yet, the first half of the sentence is about the book a tale of two cities. to repair this it would be better to rephrase the first half : after i read   a tale of two cities by dickens, he so as to remove the remote reference.