If "geo-” means "relating to the Earth,” which word means "the scientific study of the Earth”? geologist
geoid
geological
geology

geology

Explanation:

the science of study that deals with the earth's physical structure and substance, its history, and the processes that act on it.

fun fact - ology means the study of or branch of

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to eliminate ambiguous remote or broad reference it is necessary to focus on anaphoric reference. by definition "anaphoric reference means that a word in a text refers back to other ideas in the text for its meaning." the references should be clear and leave no room for ambiguity.

in the first case the pronoun it probably refers to the car but it has not been mentioned before so we should replace it for the car. in doing so the statement becomes clear.

in sentence number   two   the pronoun he refers to charles dickens the author. yet, the first half of the sentence is about the book a tale of two cities. to repair this it would be better to rephrase the first half : after i read   a tale of two cities by dickens, he so as to remove the remote reference.