What is the central idea of "The Boy"? in The midwife's Apprentice

As a system of meaning and shared beliefs, culture provides a framework for our behavioral and affective norms. ... More recently, findings in cultural neuroscience have outlined possible ways that the cultural scripts we learn during childhood and the cultural practices we observe as adults influence our brains.

not exaxtly

explanation: it depends on the situation like if u do something good there will be good consequences which arent punishments but if you do somthing bad there will be bad consequences which are punishements.