Could someone list specific laws or events they are referring to when they say there are no fair trials, trade, liberties, or tea?

the sentence does not violate the phrase structure second rule (introduced by noam chomsky) because noun phrases consist of a determiner such as a, the or every, and a noun. in the sentence, the noun phrase the cake includes a determiner (the) and a noun (cake).

on the other hand, the first rule indicates that a sentence encloses a noun phrase, followed by a verb phrase. the example sentence can be analysed as follows:

john (n) + ate (v) + the (det) + cake (n).

adverb is the answer i believe.

the answer should be the first one. "many people find his lyrics very moving."

it by far makes the most grammatical sense and is very objective, removing any first person from the original sentence and keeping with the sentence fluency.