Which event most directly affected the rise of written literature in England?

Here are the options:

A. The conquest of the Britons by the Romans

B. The spread of Christianity

C. The conquest of the Anglo-Saxons by the Normans

D. The development of printing with movable type

D. The development of printing with movable type.

Explanation:

It is believed by many historians that the spread of Christianity which involved also included the spread of Bible translation affected the rise of written literature in England.

One noteworthy example is the invention of the first printing press by  Johannes Gutenberg,  later Gutenberg started the printing of his own bible translation called the Gutenberg Bible. His invention was commercially available, leading to a rise in written literature in England.

adding more details about the struggle rainsford experiences as he swims to the shore

i think it's either 'to expose the corruption of the communists in russia', or 'to criticize animal brutality by communists in russia.'  

hope this ! : )