What is the main idea of this paragraph

Read the excerpt from infinite jest 'my application's not bought," i am telling them, calling into the darkness of the red cave that opens out before closed eyes. 'tam not just a boy who plays tennis. i have an intricate history. experiences and feelings. i'm complex. "read,' i say. 'i study and read. i bet i've read everything you've read. don't think i haven't. i consume libraries. i wear out spines and rom-drives. i do things like get in a taxi and say, "the library, and step on it." my instincts concerning syntax and mechanics are better than your own, i can tell, with due respect. the theme suggested by the excerpt is about a. being understood b. the value of education c. wisdom versus foolishness d. learning responsibility

What is the effect of the author's choice of the word loathsome rather than hateful in this sentence from the count of monte cristo? two soldiers were accordingly sent for, and the inspector descended a stairway, so foul, so humid, so dark, as to be loathsome to sight, smell, and respiration. it reveals that the unpleasant aspects of the stairway are manmade. it stresses the disgusting, offensive nature of the stairway. it suggests that the soldiers are used to the place and do not hate it. it implies that the effects of the stairway are felt only by the inspector.

Read the excerpt from “take the tortillas out of your poetry.” i do not believe we should have to leave out the crucial elements of our language and culture to contribute to american literature, but, unfortunately, this is a conclusion i am forced to reach. i have been writing for a quarter century, and have been a published author for eighteen years. as a writer, i was part of the chicano movement which created a new literature in this country. which type of rhetoric is used most in the excerpt to convince readers that anaya’s conclusion is accurate? an appeal based on emotion an appeal based on logic an appeal based on the author’s character an appeal based on the author’s feelings