The narrator observes, “Unfortunately, like many great beauties, she was rather empty-headed.” What is the narrator saying about very beautiful girls? Do you agree or disagree with this claim? Why?

That most pretty people are dumb.

Explanation:

Empty-headed means unintelligent and foolish. Maybe they could be saying that most beautiful people are foolish. It could be because they focus more about themselves than other things? You're gonna have to answer if you agree or disagree though.

pathos

explanation:

it appeals to emotion, sadnesses being that dolphins are being killed by these nets

taking into account that a theme is the central topic a text treats and can be developed through a story, play, poem etc. the following are themes that can be further developed:  

my best friend jeffrey has many unusual interests. (the story could be about each of the unususal interests)

once a man gives his soul over to evil, he can never go back. (this could be a saying or a proverb)

the three sheepdogs lay around the yard all day. (it could be developed detailing how each of these sheepdogs lay around)

a priest's collar has an unusual effect upon people. (it could be developed detailing the different effect upon people)

innocence is a powerful force in a world full of corruption. (it could be developed detailing how is a world full of corruption)

king lear is a play shakespeare wrote later. (it is just a sentence and doesnt give any idea or topic to be discussed in details.

evil often wears the disguise of innocence. (this could be a saying or a proverb)