Read article ix of the united states bill of rights:

the enumeration in the constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.

what is the main effect of setting the phrase of certain rights off with commas following the introductory phrase the enumeration of the constitution?

it emphasizes the rights are what should not be misconstrued.

it emphasizes the rights belong to the people not the constitution.

it makes the rights more important than the constitution.

it suggests that some rights are more important than others.

The correct answer is the first one. Setting the phrase "of certain rights" off with commas following the introductory phrase emphasizes the rights are what should not be misconstrued.

That is to say, it must be taken into account that although only some rights have been enumerated in the Constitution, the other rights not written are also contemplated by it.

Therefore, written rights do not represent a limit to unwritten rights retained by the people.

the african society basically suffered the consequences of colonization and apartheid directly attacking the black people, first, during the colonialism and its main idea which which "white people" had better rights, affecting   them principally in the right to establish black people in their territories, access to quality education and health services and took away any civil right even to the black people to feel they have the same opportunities as the settlers.