What are two noted autism controversies?

Most people are aware of many controversies surrounding autism today, as well as those that abounded in the 1960s asserting the fault of mothers in causing the condition. Other major controversies have centred on the MMR vaccine and the use of mercury in vaccines. More recently, debates have exploded over whether autism can truly be defined as an illness or medical condition, or whether it is in fact merely a variation in the normal human condition. Thus, when the history of the concept of autism is fully explored and examined, one should not be surprised at the level of controversy and the impassioned arguments that have been, and still are, made about it. Autism, and its association with a wider model of social development in children, has always lent itself to controversy and intense debate about what those who purport to advance any theory of it are actually arguing. It has been open to such debate because it defines such an important and vital part of the theory of psychological development. It has always been a conduit for wider social anxieties because of the presumptions made about its potential to describe the origins of social development. To take on so much theoretical baggage could never have been easy.

animal farm, written by george orwell, is a representation of russia after the revolution that led stalin to take over power.

in this excerpt, the central idea seems to be that the animals (a representation of society), when they believe to be working for a greater good and equality, are obedient and productive. they were convinced that, after expelling the owner (jones) from the farm, they would live in harmony and be fairly treated.

as we know, the pigs become the leaders and grow more selfish and dictatorial with time. in the end, they look and act in a way so similar to humans that it is impossible to tell the difference. the ideals of equality are shattered, and the farm turns out to be worse than it was before. the animals are manipulated with false propaganda and forced to work in order to enrich the pigs.