Answer these questions as though you are preparing an audience profile for an essay about a favorite television show.
what do my readers already know?
what do my readers need to know?
what details will interest my readers?
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explanation:

the goblins and dwarves have different perspectives of things. bilbo is a hobbit and goblins dwarves and hobbits all believe and do a different way of living

this isnt an english question.

harry says he would trade a gold mine for a glass of water.

the central idea is basically saying that juveniles that have committed a crime will not have the same consequences as the   adults that have. they will have a softer punishment than what the adults have that is harsh in some ways.