The first lady said we should all eat a balanced diet and excrsise ruguraly. this sentence is an:

the answer is both an appeal to ethos and logos (if that's what your question options were)

appeal to ethos is your answer.

in the quotation from passage, connie willis states that literature is a way for authors from the past to communicate with readers of today. we can read their stories, books, and other texts to learn lessons about life. willis refers to these lessons as messages “from beyond the grave.” willis has a favorable viewpoint about the timelessness of literature.