2english questions for 10pts must finish me

For the first question it's 1, for the second question it's 2

a) he encouraged islamic schools to introduce greek texts.

d) he invited greek scholars to teach their texts to the locals.

explanation:

- "the answers are a and b.  

when cullen speaks of planting while others reap, and standing "abject and mute," he is speaking about the racial injustices present in american society. as these injustices have changed over time, the american identity  has also shifted. those changes are, in turn, reflected in american literature."