What type of inductive reasoning is the following argument? the author of the textbook states that plato started a university, so he did.

The type of inductive reasoning used in the argument is Reasoning by authority. Because what the Author of the textook stood is used as evidence for the conclusion of the argument, which is that Plato did start a university.

In other words, the evidence that Plato actually started a university is the statment mentioned by the author of the textbook mentioned. If the author says that this fact happened, then is true and inductively valid.

what motivates odysseus to tell a lie to the cyclops

the following key ideas correctly express the key sentence.

restate key idea: most people can learn to swim in ten short lessons.

restate key idea: the majority of water-accident victims require mouth-to-mouth breathing.

restate key idea: an empty, tightly closed gallon jug will support a tired swimmer.  

restate key idea: first aid is to prevent accidents as well as assist in rescue.

explanation: the key idea needs to have the same topic as the key sentence (drowning and safety).