How are the athenian values of rule of law and citizenship expressed in modern representative democracies such as the one practiced in the united states?
a. certain citizens of modern representative democracies are obligated to craft laws, while the rest of the citizens are obligated to follow those laws.
b. in modern representative democracies, all citizens have the obligation to craft laws and the responsibility to follow those laws.
c. all citizens of modern representative democracies have the right to vote and craft laws, but not all citizens are obligated to follow those laws.
d. in modern representative democracies, citizens have the right to run for office in order to craft laws and the responsibility to follow those laws.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)

michael’s company should invest in the updating of every section as well as data and processes technology and software. through the analysis of the manufacturing process, the company can take a clear approach towards the best way to improve not only the process but also de final result. some of the main problems that manufacturing companies face are the waste of material due to disorganized processes and the lack of real-time process checkings. this can be solved with specific software and machines that can turn paperwork into the digital era and that will reduce the time employees take on that, being this time better apply to control the production process and communication among different sectors of the company, the product will be made in shorter time with better quality and more profit