The distillation column in Figure 3 is set up for so-called boil-up (V) control. It has been suggested that the control could be improved by using enhanced control
techniques.

A distillation column is an essential item used in the distillation of liquid mixtures to separate the mixture into its component parts, or fractions, based on the differences in volatilities. Fractionating columns are used in small scale laboratory distillations as well as large scale industrial distillations.

oil flow is a highly convective flow compared to water flow at normal temperature and pressure.

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