A steam turbine operates adiabatically and produces 4000 kW. Steam is fed to the turbine at 21 bar and 480°C. The exhaust from turbine is saturated steam at 0.1 bar and it enters the condenser where it is condensed and cooled to 30°C. What is the steam rate for the turbine, and at what rate must cooling water be supplied to the condenser if the water enters at 15°C and is heated to 25°C.

On solidification from a melt, the polymer polyethylene forms a semi-crystalline spherulite structure. (i) sketch an individual spherulite and label the amorphous and crystalline regions. (ii) draw a schematic to show the changes in specific volume with temperature during cooling from the melt, comparing it to the theoretical extremes of fully crystalline and fully amorphous (indicate tm and tg)