A hvdraulic cylinder has a piston 100mm in diameter and a piston rod 70mm in diameter. The oil flow rate is25l-/min and the pressure is 20 x l05Pa. The backpressure of the return oil is
2 x105Pa. Trv to calculate the largest thrusts, the moving speeds and their directions at the situations of a, b , c ( see the f ig. A-8 ) .

Amass of m 1.5 kg of steam is contained in a closed rigid container. initially the pressure and temperature of the steam are: p 1.5 mpa and t 240°c (superheated state), respectively. then the temperature drops to t2= 100°c as the result of heat transfer to the surroundings. determine: a) quality of the steam at the end of the process, b) heat transfer with the surroundings. for: p1.5 mpa and t 240°c: enthalpy of superheated vapour is 2900 kj/kg, specific volume of superheated vapour is 0. 1483 m/kg, while for t 100°c: enthalpy of saturated liquid water is 419kj/kg, specific volume of saturated liquid water is 0.001043m/kg, enthalpy of saturated vapour is 2676 kj/kg, specific volume of saturated vapour is 1.672 m/kg and pressure is 0.1 mpa.

Shafts are machine elements that are used to a) carry axial loads b) direct shear loads c) transmit power d) rotate at constant speed e) none of the above circular and square shafts subjected to the same torque under the same circum behave a) the same way b) almost the same way

Manometers are good examples of measuring instruments, nowadays they are not as common as before. a)-capacitive probe gauges b)-gravitational gauges deformation ) gauges d)-digital gauges