The production of a product P from a particular gram-negative bacteria follows the Monod growth law rg = µmaxCsCc/Ks + Cs
with µmax = 1h −1 , Ks = 0.2g/dm3 and Yc/s = 0.5 g/g.
(a) The reaction is to be carried out in a batch reactorwith the initial cell concentration ofCc0 = 0.1 g/dm3 and substrate concentration ofCs0 = 20 g/dm3 Cc = Cc0 + Yc/s (Cs0 − Cs )
Plot rg, –rs, –rc, Cs, and Cc as a function of time.
(b) The reaction is now to be carried out in a CSTR with Cs20 g/dm3 and C
(c) For the conditions in part (b), what is the dilution rate that will give the maximum product rate.

An air compression refrigeration system is to have an air pressure of 100 psia in the brine tank and an allowable air temperature increase of 60°f for standard vapor compression cycle temperatures of 77 f entering the expansion cylinder and 14 f entering the compression cylinder, calculate the coefficient of performance a. 2.5 b 3.3 c. 4.0 d. 5.0

Along 8-cm diameter steam pipe whose external surface temperature is 900c connects two buildings. the pipe is exposed to ambient air at 70c with a wind speed of 50 km/hr blowing across the pipe. determine the heat loss from the pipe per unit length. (b) air at 500c enters a section of a rectangular duct (15 cm x 20 cm) at an average velocity of 7 m/s. if the walls of the duct are maintained at 100c. a) the length of the tube for an exit temperature of the air to be 40 0c. b)the rate of heat transfer from the air. c) the fan power needed to overcome the pressure drop in this section of the duct.

Atank with constant volume contains 2.27 kg of a mixture of water phases (liquid-vapor). in the initial state the temperature and the quality are 127 °c and 0.6, respectively. the mixture is heated until the temperature of 160 oc is reached. illustrate the process in a t-v diagram. then, determine (1) the mass of the vapor in kg at the initial state, (2) the final pressure in kpa.