A 1-in-diameter rod, 3 ft long, of unknown material is found in a machine shop. A variety of inexpensive nondestructive tests arereadily available to help determine the material, as described below:(a)Visual inspection.(b)Scratch test: Scratch the surface with a file; observe color of underlying material and depth of scratch.

Amixture of slurry and mud is to be pumped through a horizontal pipe of diameter 500 mm. the fluid behaves as a bingham plastic with a yield stress of 30 pa and viscosity 0.04 pa.s. describe the effects of the shear stress through a transverse section of the pipe by plotting the variation in shear stress and velocity profile: (i) just before the slurry starts to move (ii) as the slurry flows when the pressure gradient is double that in part (i)

Around steel bar, made from material with a yield stress of 750mpa, is loaded so that it has stresses co locations of maximum normal stress and maximum shear stress. use maximum shear stress and maximum distortion energy theories to calculate the safety factors for initial yielding failures.

Explain in your own word the concept of a solid solution, in alloys, and how it can be created.