Liquid/Liquid extraction is one way to separate chemicals based on their affinity to different species. In liquid/liquid extraction you typically have a solute A in a solvent B. You add a third component C that is also a solvent. A is typically much more soluble in C than B. When these two streams are added together, most of A goes into C. The B-rich phase is known as the raffinate and the C-rich phase is known as the extract. This works best if B and C are not very soluble in each other. One example of this is the extraction of a fragrance molecule from an aqueous (water based) phase into a solvent such as ethanol. In this case you have 1 kg of a fragrance molecule in 30 kg of water in one stream. In the other stream you have 70 kg of pure ethanol. Together these streams enter a mixer/separator (one unit). There are two streams exiting this process. The bottom stream (stream 3) contains 65 kg total with a mass fraction of A and water equal to 0.001 and 0.40, respectively and the rest ethanol. Stream 4 contains A, C and some B. a. Draw and label the diagram and circle the unknowns.
b. Write out the overall material balance and all three of the component balances.