30 KJ of heat energy is supplied to a 4.5 kg block of aluminum at 20°C. Calculate the final temperature of the block, if the specific heat capacity of aluminum is 948 J kg^-1 K^-1 and no loss of heat energy

Aturning operation is performed with following conditions: rake angle of 12°, a feed of 0.35 mm/rev, and a depth of cut of 1.1 mm. the work piece is aluminum alloy 6061 with t6 heat treatment (a16061-t6). the resultant chip thickness was measured to be 1.0 mm. estimate the cutting force, fc. use shear stress of 207 mpa and coefficient of friction on the tool face of 0.6.