A 0.400 mol sample of an ideal gas expands isothermally from T = 300 K and V = 1.00 L to V = 3.00 L. a) How much work does the gas do if the expansion is into an evacuated space (vacuum)?
b) How much work does the gas do if the expansion is done against an external pressure of 3.00 atm?
c) What is the maximum possible work done by the gas?
d) Draw a P-V sketch to illustrate parts a, b, and c in a similar fashion to Figs. 19.2 – 19.4 of the textbook

Afour cylinder four-stroke in-line engine has a stroke of 160mm, connecting rod length of 150mm, a reciprocating mass of 3kg and its firing order is 1-3-4-2. the spacing between cylinders is 100mm. i. show that the engine is in balance with regard to the primary inertia forces and primary 3. a and secondary inertia couples. li determine the out of balance secondary inertia force ii. propose ways of balancing this out of balance force and discuss the challenges that will arise