Alphah company has implemented a plan whereby functional manager will be held toatally responsible for all cost overrunr against their (the functional managers') original estamates. Furthermore, all cost overruns must com out of the functional managers' budgets. Whether they be overhead or otherwise, not the project budget. what atr the advantages and disadvantages of this approach?

Along 8-cm diameter steam pipe whose external surface temperature is 900c connects two buildings. the pipe is exposed to ambient air at 70c with a wind speed of 50 km/hr blowing across the pipe. determine the heat loss from the pipe per unit length. (b) air at 500c enters a section of a rectangular duct (15 cm x 20 cm) at an average velocity of 7 m/s. if the walls of the duct are maintained at 100c. a) the length of the tube for an exit temperature of the air to be 40 0c. b)the rate of heat transfer from the air. c) the fan power needed to overcome the pressure drop in this section of the duct.