A 3% grade meets a 6% grade at an elevation of 524.91 ft. For a passing sight distance of 2,000 ft, find the minimum length of the vertical curve that allows for passing using the minimum curve length equations. Also, calculate the elevation of the middle point of the curve.

Amixture of slurry and mud is to be pumped through a horizontal pipe of diameter 500 mm. the fluid behaves as a bingham plastic with a yield stress of 30 pa and viscosity 0.04 pa.s. describe the effects of the shear stress through a transverse section of the pipe by plotting the variation in shear stress and velocity profile: (i) just before the slurry starts to move (ii) as the slurry flows when the pressure gradient is double that in part (i)