Water flows downward through a vertical 10-mm-diameter galvanized iron pipe with an average velocity for 5.0 m/s and exits as a free jet. There is a small hole in the pipe 4 meters above the outlet. Will water leak out of the pipe through this hole, or will air enter into the pipe through the hole? Repeat the problem if the average velocity is 0.5m/s.

Awall of 0.5m thickness is to be constructed from a material which has average thermal conductivity of 1.4 w/mk. the wall is to be insulated with a material having an average thermal conductivity of 0.35 w/mk so that heat loss per square meter shall not exceed 1450 w. assume inner wall surface temperature of 1200°c and outer surface temperature of the insulation to be 15°c. calculate the thickness of insulation required.