Write a program that reads characters from the standard input to end-of-file. for each character, have the program report whether it is a letter. if it is a letter, also report its numerical location in the alphabet. for example, c and c would both be letter 3. incorporate a function that takes a character as an argument and returns the numerical location if the character is a letter and that returns –1 otherwise.

Different types of steels contain different elements that alter the characteristics of the steel. for each of the following elements, explain what the element does when alloyed with steel.

Hydraulic fluid with a sg. of 0.78 is flowing through a 1.5 in. i.d. pipe at 58 gal/min. the fluid has an absolute viscosity of 11.8 x 105 lbf-sec/ft2. is the flow laminar, turbulent or within the critical range? give both a numerical reynolds number and a term answer.

Along 8-cm diameter steam pipe whose external surface temperature is 900c connects two buildings. the pipe is exposed to ambient air at 70c with a wind speed of 50 km/hr blowing across the pipe. determine the heat loss from the pipe per unit length. (b) air at 500c enters a section of a rectangular duct (15 cm x 20 cm) at an average velocity of 7 m/s. if the walls of the duct are maintained at 100c. a) the length of the tube for an exit temperature of the air to be 40 0c. b)the rate of heat transfer from the air. c) the fan power needed to overcome the pressure drop in this section of the duct.