Adistillation column with 100 kmol/h feed of 41 mole % a (and the rest b) produces a distillate product with xd = 0.92 and a bottom stream with xbot = 0.05 of the more volatile species a. cmo is valid and the equilibrium data is give by y = ax/[1+(a-1)x], where a = 2.86.

a) if the feed is saturated liquid, determine the minimum reflux ratio.

b) if the feed is saturated vapor, determine the minimum reflux ratio. for question c and d, the reflux ratio is 1.5 and the feed is a saturated mixture with q = 0.45.

c) determine the liquid flow rate lbar in the stripping section of the column.

d) determine the mole fraction of a in the vapor stream entering the top equilibrium stage.

Amass of m 1.5 kg of steam is contained in a closed rigid container. initially the pressure and temperature of the steam are: p 1.5 mpa and t 240°c (superheated state), respectively. then the temperature drops to t2= 100°c as the result of heat transfer to the surroundings. determine: a) quality of the steam at the end of the process, b) heat transfer with the surroundings. for: p1.5 mpa and t 240°c: enthalpy of superheated vapour is 2900 kj/kg, specific volume of superheated vapour is 0. 1483 m/kg, while for t 100°c: enthalpy of saturated liquid water is 419kj/kg, specific volume of saturated liquid water is 0.001043m/kg, enthalpy of saturated vapour is 2676 kj/kg, specific volume of saturated vapour is 1.672 m/kg and pressure is 0.1 mpa.

Two technicians are discussing the intake air temperature (iat) sensor. technician a says that the computer uses the iat sensor as a backup to the engine coolant temperature (ect) sensor. technician b says that the powertrain control module (pcm) will subtract the calculated amount of fuel if the air measures hot. who is correct

Which of the following ziegler nichols tuning methods the response of the controller to a step input should exhibit an s-shaped curve? a)-open loop mode b)-closed loop mode c)-both modes (open & closed) d)-none of the modes (open & closed)