Calculate the equilibrium concentration of vacancies, nv, per cubic meter in pure copper at 850°c. assume that the energy of formation of a vacancy in pure copper is 1.3 ev. (density of copper = 8.96 × 106 g/m3, boltzmann constant = 8.62 × 10-5 ev/k, and atomic mass of copper = 63.54 g/atomic mass.)

To design a steam turbine to produce 12,000 hp power. a engineer comsiders using a steady state stean low st 1160fr and engineer considers using a steady state steam flow at 1160°r and 450 psia to drive this steam turbine. the exhaust of the steam is cooled by the lake (vacuum). heat losing to the surroundings is measured at a rate of 555.55 btu/s. (a) sketch the system with the given conditions. (b) neglecting kinetic and potential energy changes from inlet to exit, determine the volumetric flow rate of the steam at the inlet, (ft'/hr). must clearly show unit conversions at crtical terms.