Two pounds of ammonia in a cylinder restrained by a piston is initially at pressure 100 psia and quality 0.9. two processes act on the ammonia one after the other. neglect kinetic and potential energy effects. the two processes are: process 1-2: constant pressure cooling to quality 0.75. process 2-3: heating at constant volume until the ammonia is saturated vapor. determine work and heat transfer for process 1-2, in btu.

Apiping systems consists of 6 m of 6-std type k and 12 m of 4-std type k, both drawn copper tubing. the system conveys ethylene glycol at a rate of 0.013 m3/s. the pressure drop across the system is to be calculated. there are two 90° elbows in the 6-in pipe, a reduction from the 6-in pipe to the 4-in pipe and four 90° elbows in the 4-in pipe. all fittings are soldered (same as flanged) and regular. the inlet and outlet of the system are at the same height.