Write the equation to estimate the heat flow in a heat exchanger in terms of a) the log mean temperature difference lmtd and b) heat exchanger effectiveness.

What is the heat treatment of metals? what is the benefit of it? why and how it's useful? answer in details, do not write by hand.

Estimate the change in specific internal energy au and specific enthalpy h from inlet to outlet for ethylene glycol (a liquid) flowing through each of the following devices: (a) a heat exchanger where the glycol temperature increases from 20 °c to 80 °c; (b) a pump operating at about 25 °c and increasing the glycol pressure from 100 kpa to 8 mpa.

A)-explain briefly the importance of standards in engineering design. b)- what is patent? c)-explain the relationship between these standards: b.s. and b.s.en d)- in engineering design concepts, types of loads and how they act are important factors. explain.