Select the lightest
available w14 section for column tosupport the axial
compression loads pd=150k and pl=200 k if kl =14ft and a572 grade
50 steel is used. column is assumed to be inframe that is braced
against side-sway. use trial and error methodin which a kl/r value
is estimated. solution should have requiredareas calculated, trial
section selected checked revised ifnecessary.

Explain the difference laminar and turbulent flow. explain it with the shear stress and the velocity profiles.

An ideal otto cycle with air as the working fluid has a compression ratio of 8. the minimum and maximum temperatures in the cycle are 300 k and 1340 k. use constant specific heats at room temperature to determine (a) the amount of heat transferred to the air during the heat- addition kj/kg, (b) the thermal efficiency, and (c) the thermal efficiency of a carnot cycle ope limits. process, in rating between the same temperature

The catalogue for a refrigerant 22, four-cylinder, hermetic compressor operating at 29 r/s. a condensing temperature of 40°c and an evaporating temperature of -4°c shows a refrigeration capacity of 115 kw. at this operating point, the motor (its efficiency is 90 percent) draws 34.5 kw. the bore of the cylinders is 87 mm and the piston stroke is 70 mm. the performance data are based on 8°c of sub-cooling of the liquid leaving the condenser. compute (a) the actual volumetric efficiency and (b) the compression efficiency.