In the winter, a stream flows at 10 m'/s and receives a flow of 5 m'/s from a pipe that contains chloride. the stream's chloride concentration just upstream of the pipe's discharge is 12 mg/l and the runoff pipe's discharge has a chloride concentration of 40 mg/l. chloride is a conservative substance. (a) does wintertime salt usage on the road elevate the downstream chloride concentration above a 20 mg/l water-quality standard? (b) what is the maximum daily mass of chloride (tons/d) that can be discharged through the road runoff pipe without exceeding the water-quality standard?

Refrigerant-134a enters the compressor of a refrigerator as superheated vapor at 0.14 mpa and -10°c at a rate of 0.05 ka/s and leaves at 0.8 mpa and 50°c. the refrigerant is cooied in the condenser to 0.72 mpa and 26'c. it is then throttled to 0.15 mpa. sketch the t-s diagram for the system and evaluate: 6) the rate of heat removai from the refrigerated space (kw), it) the power input to the compressor (kw), ii) the isentropic efficiency of the compressor (%), and iv) the cop of the refrigerator.

Prove the equivalence between the two statements of the 2nd law of thermodynamics (i.e., a violation of one statement leads to the violatio the other statement)

Agas contained within a piston-cylinder assembly e end nation about same energy states, 1 and 2, where pi 10 bar, v undergoes two processes, a and b, between the sam 0.1 m3, ui-400 kj and p2 1 bar, v2 1.0 m2, u2 200 kj: process a: process from 1 to 2 during which the pressure- volume relation is pv constant process b: constant-volume process from state 1 to a pressure of 2 bar, followed by a linear pressure-volume process to +20 0 state 2 kinetic and potential energy effects can be ignored. for each of the processes a and b, (a) sketch the process on p-v coordinates, (b) evaluate the work, in kj, and (c) evaluate process the heat transfer, in kj