What is the purpose of the mutex semaphore in the implementation of the bounded-buffer problem using semaphores

Consider this data sequence: "3 11 5 5 5 2 4 6 6 7 3 -8". any value that is the same as the immediately preceding value is considered a consecutive duplicate. in this example, there are three such consecutive duplicates: the 2nd and 3rd 5s and the second 6. note that the last 3 is not a consecutive duplicate because it was preceded by a 7. write some code that uses a loop to read such a sequence of non-negative integers , terminated by a negative number. when the code finishes executing, the number of consecutive duplicates encountered is printed. in this case, 3 would be printed. assume the availability of a variable, stdin, that references a scanner object associated with standard input. that is, stdin = new scanner(system.in); is given.

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Convert 11001110(acdd notation) into decimal