What is the ability for a system to respond to unexpected failures or system crashes as the backup system immediately and automatically takes over with no loss of service

The appropriate answer will be "Fault Tolerance".

Explanation:

This relates to and is therefore a device rather than a program with nothing more than a self-contained contingency mechanism that enables uninterrupted supply when key characteristics fail. A system has been regarded as fault-tolerant although this keeps working satisfactory manner throughout the existence of one and sometimes more circumstances of failure.

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