When Tim Berners-Lee developed the first specifications, protocols, and tools for the World Wide Web in 1993, his employers at CERN chose to make the underlying code publicly available on a royalty-free basis so that anyone who ever wanted to use it or build upon it could do so without having to pay any licensing fees to CERN or ask for CERN's permission.
Which of the following best describes the reasons for this decision?

a. CERN did not recognize the full potential of the World Wide Web and did not think it was worth investing any more of its own resources into its further development.
b. By offering the Word Wide Web as a freely available alternative, CERN hoped to discourage people from using America Online, CERN's biggest competitor for online communication services.
c. Had the technology been proprietary (i. e., closed and privately licensed), it would likely not have become as popular as it has or have been adopted by so many users and institutions across the globe.
d. Because Tim Berners-Lee did not ask his employers for permission before using CERN resources to develop the World Wide Web, as punishment, he was required to give the technology away for free and sacrifice the millions of dollars he could have personally made by selling his idea for a profit.

Which is a benefit of peer-to-peer networking? easy to add or remove devices main server has a fast processor more reliable than a client/server network same software versions on all computers

Selective incapacitation is a strategy to reduce prison population

1. the program must provide following functions to extract some statistics. note that the data_list parameter specified in these functions may be the same for all functions or different for different functions—that is your choice. a skeleton file is provided on mirmir. a) open_file()prompts the user to enter a year number for the data file. the program will check whether the year is between 1990 and 2015 (both inclusive). if year number is valid, the program will try to open data file with file name ‘year.txt’, where is the year. appropriate error message should be shown if the data file cannot be opened or if the year number is invalid. this function will loop until it receives proper input and successfully opens the file. it returns a file pointer and year. i. hint: use string concatenation to construct the file name b) read_file(fp)has one parameter, a file pointer read. this function returns a list of your choosing containing data you need for other parts of this project. c) find_average(data_list) takes a list of data (of some organization of your choosing) and returns the average salary. the function does not print anything. hints: i. this is not the average of the last column of data. it is not mathematically valid to find an average by finding the average of averages—for example, in this case there are many more in the lowest category than in the highest category. ii. how many wage earners are considered in finding the average (denominator)