Frames lengths (20%) In the following, explain whether there exists such frame of given header length, given full length, or explain why that does not exist. Do not just answer yes or no. When computing lengths of header or frame, we do not include the 14 bytes Ethernet header captured by Wireshark. 7. (20%) Consider IP frames. Are the following possible? Explain! (a) IP header of < 20 bytes (b) IP header of > 20 bytes (c) IP total length (excluding Ethernet header of 14 bytes or media header length) of 100, 000 bytes on any media such as FDDI. (d) IP total length (excluding Ethernet header of 14 bytes) on Ethernet LAN of 2,000 bytes. (e) IP total length of 40 bytes.

You begin your first day of responsibilities by examining the recent is security breach at gearup to get ideas for safeguards you will take. at gearup, criminals accessed the company's improperly-secured wireless system and stole customers' credit card information as well as employee social security numbers. what kind of computer crime did gearup face?

Consider a slotted aloha system, where the time slot equals the fixed duration of each packet. assume that there are 4 stations a,b,c,d sharing the medium. (a) stations a,b,c,d receive one packet each from higher layers at times 1.3, 1.5, 2.6,5.7 respectively. show which transmissions take place when, according to the slottedaloha protocol; describe all transmissions until all four packets have been successful.when needed, each station has access to the following sequence of random number, provided by a random number generator and drawn uniformly between 0 and 1: (1) station a draws numbers: 0.31, 0.27, 0.78, 0.9, 0.9, 0.11, 0. (2) station b draws numbers: 0.45, 0.28, 0.11, 0.83, 0.37, 0.22, 0. (3)station c draws numbers: 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0. (4) station d draws numbers: 0.36, 0.77, 0.9, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0. (b) in slotted aloha, a station transmits in each time slot with a given probability. what probabilities would you assign to each of the four stations so as to: (i) maximize the efficiency of the protocol? (ii) maximize fairness among the four stations? (c) will the efficiency increase or decrease if we modify slotted aloha as follows: (i) get rid of slots and allow stations to transmit immediately? (ii) implement carrier sensing? (iii) implement collision detection? (iv) implement collision avoidance?

Write the command that can be used to answer the following questions. (hint: try each out on the system to check your results.) a. find all files on the system that have the word test" as part of their filename. b. search the path variable for the pathname to the awk command. c. find all files in the /usr directory and subdirectories that are larger than 50 kilobytes in size. d. find all files in the /usr directory and subdirectories that are less than 70 kilobytes in size. e. find all files in the / directory and subdirectories that are symbolic links. f. find all files in the /var directory and subdirectories that were accessed less than 60 minutes ago. g. find all files in the /var directory and subdirectories that were accessed less than six days ago. h. find all files in the /home directory and subdirectories that are empty. i. find all files in the /etc directory and subdirectories that are owned by the group bin."