Objectives: the goal of the assignment is to: • familiarize you with quantitative analysis of caches • understanding different types of cache policies • investigate which cache is better based on cache configuration • investigate the tradeoffs between write-through and write-back caches part 1. memory analysis question 1 (40 pt). you are given designs of 3 caches for a 16-bit address machine: d1: direct-mapped cache. each cache line is 1 byte. 10-bit index, 6-bit tag. 1 cycle hit time. d2: 2-way set associative cache. each cache line is 1 word (4 bytes). 7-bit index, 7-bit tag. 2 cycle hit time. d3: fully associative cache with 256 cache lines. each cache line is 1 word. 14-bit tag. 5 cycle hit time. answer the following set of questions: a) what is the size of each cache? b) how much space does each cache need to store tags? c) which cache design has the most conflict misses? which has the least? d) the following information is given to you: hit rate for the 3 caches is 50%, 70% and 90% but did not tell you which hit rate corresponds to which cache, which cache would you guess corresponded to which hit rate? why? e) assuming the miss time for each is 20 cycles, what

Aletter or menu command that starts an action when the user presses the designated letter and the alt key together is called what?

Consider a slotted aloha system, where the time slot equals the fixed duration of each packet. assume that there are 4 stations a,b,c,d sharing the medium. (a) stations a,b,c,d receive one packet each from higher layers at times 1.3, 1.5, 2.6,5.7 respectively. show which transmissions take place when, according to the slottedaloha protocol; describe all transmissions until all four packets have been successful.when needed, each station has access to the following sequence of random number, provided by a random number generator and drawn uniformly between 0 and 1: (1) station a draws numbers: 0.31, 0.27, 0.78, 0.9, 0.9, 0.11, 0. (2) station b draws numbers: 0.45, 0.28, 0.11, 0.83, 0.37, 0.22, 0. (3)station c draws numbers: 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0. (4) station d draws numbers: 0.36, 0.77, 0.9, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0. (b) in slotted aloha, a station transmits in each time slot with a given probability. what probabilities would you assign to each of the four stations so as to: (i) maximize the efficiency of the protocol? (ii) maximize fairness among the four stations? (c) will the efficiency increase or decrease if we modify slotted aloha as follows: (i) get rid of slots and allow stations to transmit immediately? (ii) implement carrier sensing? (iii) implement collision detection? (iv) implement collision avoidance?

Barbara is interested in pursuing a career in the science and math pathway. which qualifications will her reach that goal? a.an advanced knowledge of physics and math b.an advanced knowledge of engineering and math c. an advanced knowledge of physics and robotics an d. advanced knowledge of machinery and math