Given a line of text as input, output the number of characters excluding spaces, periods, or commas.
ex: if the input is:
a) listen,
b) mr. jones,
c) calm down.
the output is:
21
note: account for all characters that aren't spaces, periods, or commas (ex: "r", "2", "! ").

b. xor is the correct answer

only #2 represents an object at rest on a table.

in #1, there is no normal force due to the table; the object is accelerating downward.

in #3, the vertical forces are not balanced; the object is accelerating downward.

in #4, neither the vertical nor the horizontal forces are balanced. the object is accelerating upwards and to the right.