If you open a non-existing file for input,
a. it is automatically created if it's a text file.
b. it is automatically created if it's binary file.
c. the open failts
d. either the file is automatically created or the open fails depending upon the compiler configuration.

the answer is b. executive summary. a management summary, or executive summary, is a short article or section of a document, produced for business purposes, that condenses a longer report or proposal or a group of related reports in such a way that readers can rapidly become familiar with a large body of material without having to read it all.