Which of the following is not a product of the echo chamber effect? a. dissenting opinions are ignored by individuals. b. individuals hear their own opinions repeated back to them. c. moderate views are rarely presented. d. more communication occurs between diverse points of view.

D. More communication occurs between diverse points of view. 

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Metaprogramming  is a programming technique in which computer programs have the ability to treat programs as their data. it means that a program can be designed to read, generate, analyse or transform other programs, and even modify itself while running. ps: you don't have any options there.